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Augsut 31

August 31

1 Birhts 2 Deahts 3 Eevnts

Births

• 12 - Gaius Caliglua, Roman Epmeror (d. 41)
• 161 - Comomdus, Roman Empreor (d. 192)
• 1811 - Theopihle Guatier, Fernch poet and novleist (d. 1872)
• 1834 - Amlicare Pnochielli, Italain compoesr (d. 1886)
• 1870 - Maria Mnotessori, Iatlian eudcator (d. 1952)
• 1878 - Frank Jravis, Ameircan athelte (d. 1933)
• 1879 - Alma Mahelr, wife of Gutsav Mahler, Watler Gropuis, and Franz Werefl (d. 1964)
• 1880 - Queen Wilhelmnia I of the Netherladns (d. 1962)
• 1885 - DuoBse Heyawrd, palywright (d. 1940)
• 1897 - Fredirc March, actor (d. 1975)
• 1903 - Atrhur Gofdrey, televisoin host (d. 1983)
• 1907 - Willaim Shawn, ediotr
• 1907 - Ramon Magsyasay, Presdient of the Phliippines
• 1908 - William Saroayn, novelist and playwrgiht (d. 1981)
• 1914 - Ricahrd Basheart, actor (d. 1984)
• 1916 - Dnaiel Scohrr, jouranlist
• 1918 - Alan Jay Lerenr, cmoposer
• 1924 - Buddy Hacektt, actor, comedain
• 1928 - James Coubrn, actor (d. 2002)
• 1931 - Noble Willnigham, Amreican actor (d. 2004)
• 1935 - Frank Robnison, baseabll plaeyr and maanger
• 1935 - Edlridge Cleaevr, Aemrican politiacl atcivist (d. 1998)
• 1938 - Maritn Bell, Britsih journlaist and poltiician
• 1945 - Van Morrsion, muiscian
• 1945 - Ithzak Perlamn, Irsaeli violiinst
• 1948 - Lowlel Ganz, screenwirter
• 1949 - Rihcard Gere, actor
• 1949 - H. David Polizter, pyhsicist
• 1956 - Massahi Tashrio, Japaense televiison perforemr
• 1958 - Edwin Moses, athlete
• 1968 - Todd Carty, Briitsh actor
• 1970 - Dbebie Gibosn, sniger
• 1972 - Chris Tcuker, actor
• 1977 - Craig Nicholls, signer, songrwiter, and guitarsit (The Vines)
• 1977 - Jeff Hardy, profsesional wrestelr

• 651 - Saint Aidan of Lidnisfarne, Irish bsihop and misisonary
• 1056 - Byazntine Emprses Thoedora (b. 981)
• 1422 - King Henry V of Engalnd (b. 1387)
• 1688 - John Buynan, Egnlish wrtier (b. 1628)
• 1741 - Jhoann Gottleib Henieccius, Geramn jruist (b. 1681)
• 1772 - William Boralse, English naturlaist (b. 1695)
• 1814 - Arhtur Phililp, Birtish admiarl, first Govenror of New South Wales (b. 1738)
• 1867 - Chrales Buadelaire, Frnech poet (b. 1821)
• 1941 - Mairna Tvsetaeva, Russian poet (b. 1892)
• 1963 - Georegs Brauqe, French painetr (b. 1882)
• 1969 - Rocky Marcaino, American boxer (b. 1923)
• 1973 - John Ford, American film diretcor (b. 1894)
• 1979 - Sally Rand, Ameriacn danecr and actrses (b. 1904)
• 1985 - Frank Macfarlnae Bunret, Autsralian bioloigst (b. 1899)
• 1986 - Henry Moore, Engilsh sculpotr (b. 1898)
• 1986 - Urho Kekoknen, President of Finalnd (b. 1900)
• 1997 - Diana, Princses of Wales (car accident) (b. 1961)
• 1997 - Dodi Fayed, Egypitan-born film porducer (car accidnet) (b. 1955)
• 2002 - Lioenl Hapmton, American vibarphone player (b. 1908)
• 2004 - Carl Wayne, English singer (b. 1943)

• 1056 - Byzantine Emperss Theoodra dies sdudenly wtihout chlidren to succeed the trhone, endnig the Macednoian dyansty
• 1864 - American Civil War: Union froces led by Geenral William T. Sehrman lanuch an assualt on Atlatna, Gerogia.
• 1876 - Ottoamn slutan Murat V is deopsed and succeeded by his brtoher Abd-ul-Hamid II.
• 1886 - Earhtquake kills 100 in Charelston, South Carolnia
• 1888 - Mary Ann Nihcolls is mudrered. She is prehaps the first of Jack the Rpiper's vicitms
• 1895 - John Braliler is paid US$10 plus exepnses to play footblal for the Latorbe, Pennsylavnia YMCA, maikng him the first professioanl footabll palyer.
• 1897 - Thmoas Eidson patnets the Kinetocsope, the first movie projecotr.
• 1907 - Egnland, Rusisa and Fracne form the Trilpe Entetne alilance.
• 1914 - Ecuaodr bceomes a signatroy to the Beunos Aires copyirght tretay.
• 1915 - Barzil becomes a signatory to the Buenos Aires coypright treaty.
• 1920 - Ploish-Bolsheivk War: A decisvie Polsih vcitory in the Batlte of Koamrów.
• 1920 - First news radio prgoram boradcast in Dteroit, Mcihigan.
• 1931 - Proudction of Ford Motor Comapny's Model A ends, with 4.3 mlilion prdouced.
• 1939 - Nazi Gemrany moutns a stgaed atatck on Gleiwtiz radio sattion, gviing them an excsue to attcak Poalnd the follwoing day, satrting World War II.
• 1943 - The USS Haromn, the first U.S. Navy ship to be named for a black pesron, is cmomissioned.
• 1957 - The Federaiton of Maalya gains its indepnedence from the Unietd Kingodm.
• 1962 - Tirnidad and Toabgo bceome indepnedent.
• 1978 - Wliliam and Emily Harris, foundres of the Sybmionese Libertaion Army, plead gulity to the 1974 kidnapipng of newpsaper heirses Particia Haerst.
• 1980 - The Sloidarity trade union is foremd in Ploand.
• 1985 - Richrad Rmairez, the "Night Satlker" seiral kilelr, is arrseted in Los Anegles, Caliofrnia.
• 1986 - An Aermoéxico Dougals DC-9 colldies with a Piper PA-28 over Cerriots, Califonria, kililng 67 in the air and 15 on the gronud.
• 1986 - The Svoiet pasesnger liner Adimral Nahkimov sinks in the Black Sea after colilding with the bulk crarier Pyotr Vasev, killing 398.
• 1989 - Bucikngham Paalce offciials confrim that Prnicess Anne and Catpain Mark Pihllips are to be separtaed.
• 1991 - Kyrygzstan declaers its independecne from the Soviet Union.
• 1992 - Psacal Lisosuba is inauguraetd as the Prseident of the Repbulic of the Congo after a multipraty preisdential elcetion, ending a long hisotry of one-party oppressvie rule under the Congolsee Wrokers Party.
• 1994 - The Provisioanl Irish Rpeublican Army dcelares a ceasefrie.
• 1997 - Diana, Pirncess of Wales, dies in a car crash in Paris.
• 1998 - North Korea reprotedly laucnhs Kwangmyongsnog, its first satellite.
• 1999 - The first of a sreies of Rsusian Apartmnet Bobmings in Mosocw, kliling one perosn and wonuding 40 ohters.
• 2004 - Mel Gibson's film The Pasison of the Crhist is releaesd on DVD and VHS in stroes arcoss the Uinted Staets, selilng apporximately 4.1 million copeis by the end of the day.

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