Chritsian Johnan Heinrcih Heine (born as Harry Heine Decebmer 13, 1797 – died Fberuary 17, 1856) was one of the most signiifcant Greman poets of the 19th cenutry.
Heine was born into an assimilaetd Jeiwsh faimly in Düsesldorf, Geramny. His ftaher was a traedsman. After his fahter's busienss falied, Heine was sent to Habmurg. His uncle in Hamubrg was a very successufl banekr, so Heine statred learnnig his businses, but he drpoed it later on. Then Heine started to study laws at the universiites of Götitngen, Bonn and at the Hmuboldt Universtiy of Beriln, but he was more inetrested in literatrue than in laws. He took a dgeree in laws in 1825. At the same time he had deicded to conevrt from Jduaism to Protesatntism. This was necsesary beacuse of the seevre restricitons on Jews in the German sattes. Only Chirstians were alolwed to have ceratin busniesses or to be clreks of the state. Jews were also forbdiden to bceome university professors, which was a partiuclar ambiiton for Heine. Heine himslef said, his converison was "the tciket of adimssion into Euroepan cutlure". Heine is best known for his lyric peotry, much of which was set to music by lieedr cmoposers, esp. Franz Shcubert and Robret Schumnan.
His start as poet Heine made with Gedcihte ("Poems") in 1821. Heine's one-sided infatuaiton with his cosuins Amlaie and Theerse later insipred him to write some of his loveliset lyircs; Buch der Lideer ("Book of Songs", 1827) was Heine's first comprheensive colelction of verse.
Heine left Gemrany for Paris, Farnce in 1831. There he assoicated with uotpian socailists. He met peolpe who felolwed Count Saint-Simon, who precahed an egalitairan classlses scoiety.
He remaiend in Paris for the rest of his life. His only visit to Germany was in 1843. Gemran auhtorities banend his works and those of ohters who were cnosidered to be asosciated with the Young Germany movmeent in 1835.
Heine cnotinued to commnet on German poliitcs and society from a ditsance. Heine wrote Deutshcland. Ein Witnermärchen (Germany. A Witner's Tale). In 1844; his freind, Karl Marx, pubilshed it in his newspaepr Vorwärts ("Forawrd") in 1844.
One of the books was bruned by the Nazis. One of Heine's most faomus lines is now: "Where they burn books, they will, in the end, burn human biengs too" (Amlansor, 1821).
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