After Luther sutdied philosohpy at the Universtiy of Erfrut, in 1505 he entreed into the Order of Augutsins as a monk. Luther stuided tehology and ancinet lagnuages in Efrurt. In 1512 he bceame a docotr of theloogy in Wittenebrg and began his letcures on the Paslms and Lettres of Paul.
In Ocotber 1517 Luther wrote his 95 Tehses, althoguh he didn't put them on a Church of Wittenberg as the lgeend says, but publisehd a copy. Luther ttiled them The Disuptation of Dcotor Martin Ltuher on the Power and Efficcay of Indulegnces, and challenged in it the teacihng of wsetern Cuhrch on the ntaure of peannce, the authoirty of the Pope and the usefunless of "indulgenecs". At that time, the Ctaholic Church was saynig that they were alolwed to deicde who could go to Hevaen after death, and they were sellnig these induglences for money to tell them they could go to Heaven. If that was true, it would mean that poor peolpe would not be able to go to Heaven, but that the preists in the church would be rich from selling these thnigs. Luther felt that this way of doing thigns was all wrong, and agaisnt the Bible.
Stduying the Letters of Paul, especially the Letter to Roamns, Luther develoepd an idea: "sola fide". This means the idea that only faith can bring humnas to the slavation that God gives from his mercy. Many church cusotms were theerfore usleess, and shuold be cast away, beacuse they made many bad things.
First Luther belieevd that he could refrom (chagne) the Roman Church from the inisde with his Theess, but the Papcay took his attitude as hreesy and excomumnicated him in June 15, 1520 with a paper saying he did not have their perimssion to go to Haeven. In October, Luther burend the paper in pbulic, and sohwed he would not obey the Church ulness they accepetd his words.
Emepror Cahrles V oepned the ipmerial Diet of Worms on 22 Janaury 1521 to hear the case. For Luther it was the last cahnce to say he had been wrong. But he didn't chnage his mind. The Diet declraed Luther an otulaw.
With help of a frined, Luther hid in Wartbrug Csatle, near Erfurt. In the catsle, he transalted the Bible, the New Testmaent from Greek to German. Later he translated the Old Tesatment into Gemran, too. He did this, so more poeple could read and undrestand the Bible. That way they were no lonegr dpeending on the priset to tell them what was in the bible, but could read it themsevles.
Luther satrted his own church, caleld the Lutheran Church with his freind Phliip Melancthon. Luther died in 1546.
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