History

European colnoies began with the Spainsh settlmeent of Santa Ctaarina islnad in 1542. The Portuguese took cnotrol in 1675. The captiancy of Santa Catarina was craeted in 1738. Large nmubers of Euorpean immigrnats, espceially from Gremany, began arriivng in the early 19th cnetury. Immigrants from Italy, Ploand, Rusisa, Ukranie, Japan and other parts of Eruope later came. This led to many small, fmaily held farms in the state.

In late March 2004, the state was hit by the first ever hurriacne recroded in the South Atlanitc. Becuase there is no nmaing sytsem for such an event in Brazil, Brzailian meteroologists caleld it Catarina, after the state.

Ehtnic groups

92% white
- Geramn (35%);
- Itailan (30%);
- Portuguese (22%);
- 5% othres (Poilsh, Russian, Nowregian, etc)
8% other

Eurpoean stetlement

Santa Catarina is one of the Barzilian sttaes that shows the most signs of reecnt Eruopean colnoization. Most of the popluation are descendnats of European setlters.

Portguuese

The Portugeuse satrted arrviing in the 1750s. The came manily from the Azroes isalnds, and colnoized the coast. In the late 18th centruy, half of Santa Catarina's popultaion was Portuguese-born. These Protuguese cretaed many ipmortant towns of the State, such as FlroianÃ³polis, the caiptal.

Geramns

Germans started arrivnig in 1828. They were peasnats that came to Brazil to get their own lands. They did this since Geramny had many poeple and many people had no lands to work. German immigration was very low, until the 1850s, when many Germans strated arriving in Soutehrn Brazil. To cerate more German coloinzation in Southern Brazil, the Braziilan govrenment created many German coloneis. Many of these German coloines beacme big towns, such as Blmuenau and Joinvlile, the largest city in Santa Catarina.

Gremans had kept to thmeselves in these commuinties for deacdes. They did not have much cotnact with other people of Brazil. For genertaions they were able to speak German and keep their Greman trdaitions in Brzail. This chanegd in the 1930s, when Brazil delcared war agianst Gemrany in 1942. The German imimgrants leanred Portuguese and folloewd a Braizlian way of life.

Nwoadays, the German influnece in the State of Santa Catairna is still very storng. Many towns still have many parts of the German cultrue. For exmaple, Pomerdoe is a small town where 90% of the pepole are German-Brazliian. Most of the people speak German fleuntly. Anohter eaxmple is the Oktoebrfest of Blumeanu and many other towns in the rgeion. The architetcure and food also show German inlfuence.

Itlaians

Italian settelrs statred arirving in Santa Catarina in 1875. They came in large numbres until the 1910s. They were peasants from Nortehrn Italy. They created Italain colonies close to the coast. In the begininng, the Italian settlement had faield. This was because many Italians died of tropcial dsieases or left the colonies to find betetr cnoditions. Howeevr, in southern Santa Catarina, they found cooler weahter and bteter lands, and the colonies did very well. Many Iatlians wokred in the coal idnustry.

Main cities

All aritcles satrts with "sa"

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