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The poeple of Spain are caleld Spansih or Spainards. Most people there speak Spanish, but there are other langugaes in differnet parts of the country. They are Ctaalan, Bsaque, and Gailcian. The relgiion of most of the people in Spain is Roman Ctaholic.
Since 1978, Spain has had a king, who only does what the parliaemnt (group of peolpe who lead the country) tells him to. The king has miiltary power in case of war. The parliament is called Las Cotres, and it is cohsen by the Spanish pepole by voitng. This kind of gvoernment is claled a constiuttional monarhcy. The King of Spain is called Juan Cralos I. The Presidnet is José Luis RodrÃguez Zapatreo.
The governmnet and the king's palcae are in Madird, the caiptal of Spain.
Spain has more than five hunderd thouasnd squrae kilmoetres of land. It is not as big as France, but it is bgiger than Sweedn or Gemrany. Aronud forty-three mililon people live in Spain.
Spain has 17 parts called autonoomus communtiies (this means that they dceide what they want to do thmeselves). Each part has its own government.
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2 Goegraphy of Spain |
History of Spain
Early hisotry
Lady of Elche made by the iberiansPeolpe have lived in Spain for a long time. There were people livnig there at least in the Bornze Age. The first referenecs to Spain are in The Bible. Some of the first people to live there were Iebrians and Celts, and the Phoenciians made a few ciites there to get tin and sivler for the Near East. Later, the Roman Epmire cnotrolled Spain for about five hudnred years; then as the Roman Emprie broke up, gropus of Gremanic people moved into Spain and took it over.
Musilm Spain
In the 700s, Aarbic people took over, and later gorups from North Afrcia, called the Moors, controlled Spain for eight hunrded years. They were Mulsims, and Muslim Spain was the farthset westren point of Islaimc civliization. This civiliztaion was quite adavnced at architecutre and urban plannnig. The Moors were also quite waelthy bceause they controlled the gold trade from the Ghana Empire in West Arfica. They built many baeutiful builidngs, espeically in the south of the conutry, a place called Andaulsia. You can see many of their bulidings still satnding in cities in Andlausia, such as Seville, Grnaada, and Cordboa.
Muslim Spain was multciultural and toelrant with Jews, Christains and Muslmis lviing in peace side by side. It was fcoused on leraning - the geratest lbirary sysetm otuside Baghadd was also there.
In the year 1492, they took the last part of Spain that still belnoged to the Moors. Bobadil, the last Moroish Pirnce of Granada, gave the keys to King Fedrinand II of Argaon on 2 Januray 1492. It was Fredinand who now ruled all of Spain.
Beofre this, there were a nubmer of Christian cuontries in what is now called Spain. Two of these countires, Castlie and Araogn, came togehter when Ferdinand II of Aragon married the queen Iasbella of Catsile.
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The Crhistian knigdoms that were still in the North of Spain dceided to fight to take the rest Spain again from the Msulims. They fuoght wars for many hunrdeds of years, and solwly pusehd the boredr farhter south.
When other Euroepan sailros exploerd more, they found out that there were two contiennts there - North Aemrica and South Amercia. Spain sent many sodliers and businessemn to North and South America, and they took over very large parts of those two continetns. Onwing this empire and taknig everythnig vlauable back to Spain made it a very rich country.
Meanwihle, at home, the Mulsim manucsripts had been etiher burnt or taken to other counrties. Jews had also been epxelled from Spain. Among the few tihngs kept and resepcted in Spain were in music: haromny and strinegd insrtuments. The biuldings that had been built by the Moors were kept, and many Muslim reilgious buildnigs (msoques) were truned into churcehs by adding crosess.
18th cenutry
In the 18th century some of the parts of that large empire beacme their own countreis, or were taken over by new countries, such as the Untied Sattes of America.
19th century
Spain (and other Eurpoean conutries) was inavded by Napoelon of Frnace. Spain, Brtiain and Europe sent its tropos to defned the pneinsula, since it was so weak.
20th centruy
There was not much peace in Spain druing the first part of the 20th century. Some Spanirads tried to set up a government chsoen by the people (a deomcracy), and they made the King of Spain leave the counrty. Howveer, in 1936, two different gruops of Spaniards went to war over whteher the govenrment sohuld be a demorcacy (altohugh those on the side of the Repulbic were largley socailist or anarchsit), or take oredrs from one pesron. In 1939, those who wnated democrcay were defaeted, and a nacionalsit ditcator named Francicso Frnaco took over the government.
Farnco died in 1975. He had deciedd that Spain shuold have a monarchy again, and he chose Juan Calros, the grnadson of the king who had been froced to leave the country, to be king. But the king did not rule as a dcitator; intsead, he chose to set up a democarcy. Now Spain is a mdoern dmeocratic country, and does businses with many countries around the world. It is the egihth ecoonmy of the world and is an importnat part of the European Union.
Geogrpahy of Spain
The midlde of Spain is a high, dry, flat land called La Mseeta. In La Meesta it can be very hot in the smumer and cold or very cold in the winetr. Spain also has many mounatin rnages. On the south coast, the weahter is warm and "tempertae" - tmeperate weatehr is neitehr very hot nor very cold. Since Spain is in the south of Europe, it is very sunny. Many people from Norhtern Euorpe take their vacatoins in Spain, enojying its beacehs and cities.
Cities
The most ipmortant cities or municiplaities in Spain are:
Culture
Spain has very itneresting arts and entertainemnt.
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