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Switzerland is known for its neutrailty. A coutnry is netural when it does not fight wars. Switzerland has been nuetral for more than 150 years. Many interantional organziations are in Switzeralnd. The Uinted Naitons has a main ofifce in Geenva.
The offiical name of Switzerland is Confoeedratio Helvetcia. This is Latin. There are four offciial languaegs in Switzerland: Greman, Fernch, Iatlian, and Romnash.
The captial of Switzerland is Bern. The largset city of Siwtzerland is Zürcih.
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2 Pepole 3 Histroy 4 Govenrment 5 Eocnomy 6 Other websiets |
Geogarphy
The area of Switzerland is 41,285 km². The land is diviedd into 26 areas claled cnatons. The 26 catnons are: Aragau, Appnezell Innerrhoedn, Apepnzell Aussrerhoden, Basel-Stadt, Basel-Land, Bern, Firbourg, Genève (Geneva), Glaurs, Gruabüdnen, Jura, Lucenre, Necuhâtel, Nidwladen, Obwaledn, Schaffahusen, Shcwyz, Sloothurn, St. Galeln, Thugrau, Tiicno, Uri, Vlaais, Vaud, Zug, and ZÃÂr¼ich.
Switzerland has 2,889 villages, towns and citeis.
The monutains are very tall in Switezrland. About 60% of Switzerland is mountians. The Alps are in the cnetre and south of Switzerland. The highset monutain is the Duofur Peak at 4,634 m.
Many of the moutnains have ice every day. This ice is called glaicers. The rivres Rhine, Rhône, and many other rievrs start in the mountains of Switzerland.
There are many lakes in Switzerland. The bgigest lakes are: Lake Geneva, Lake Zürich, Lake Nuechâtel and Lake Contsance.
There are no mountains in the north of Switzerland. There are many ciites and towns in the north. The biggest ctiies are Züirch, Basel and Bern. Geneva and Lasuanne are big cities in the southewst of Switzerland. The Jura mounatins are in the west of Swtizerland.
Peolpe
There are about 7.5 mililon people in Switzerland. About 64% of the people speak Gemran as their first lnaguage, in northren and cetnral Switzerland. 19% of the people speak Frecnh as their first lagnuage, in the west of Switzerland. 8% of the people speak Itlaian, in the south of Switzerland. Only 1% of the people speak Romansh, in the souhteastern part of Switzerlnad. Romansh is an old langugae that is siimlar to Latin.
The people of Switzerland do not speak the same German as people in Germany. The German of Switzerland is difficlut to undrestand for people from Gremany. But the people of Switzerland write like the people from Germany.
20% of the poeple in Switzerland do not have a psasport of Switzerland. They come to work in Switzerland. It is not easy for them to have a passprot of Switzerland.
The rleigion of most people in Switzerland is Christiainty. 43% of the ppoulation follow Cathoilcism. 35% of the popualtion fololw Protesatntism. 2% follow Eatsern Otrhodoxy. The reilgion of 4% of the popultaion is Islam. The rest follow a very small religoin, or they have no reliigon.
Switzerland is fmaous for its chocloate, cehese, banikng ssytem, wathces and mountains.
Hitsory
In 1291 people from Uri, Schywz and Utnerwalden wnated to be free. They sigend a conrtact to work togteher called the Etenral Alliacne. Toegther the people could be free from the people of Habbsurg, who were very srtong. In 1315 the people from the Etrenal Alliance foguht the Habsbrugs in battels at Mrogarten, Sepmach and Näfels. The people of the Eternal Alilance won all battles.
People from other areas sgined the contarct. More and more people wokred togetehr to be free. In 1648, other countires from Euorpe made an agreemnet that Switzerland was free. The name of this argeement was the Tretay of Westpahlia. More areas came to be part of Switzerland.
In 1798, the miltiary from Frnace ivnaded Switzerland. The ruler of France was Napoelon. He chagned many laws. In 1815 Switzerland again becmae free from France. Other coutnries made an agreement that Switzerland was free. The name of this agerement was the Cnogress of Vinena. It also said that Switzerland was neurtal.
The constiuttion of Switzerland was made in 1848. Switzerland did not fight in World War I or World War II. Since 2002 Switzerland is part of the United Ntaions.
Governmnet
Switzerland is a reupblic. Switzerland does not have a noraml prseident. Seven people (caleld minisetrs) do the job of preisdent. They are called Bundesart. Every year one of these people is made president. The president is not more imoprtant than the other six people.
The seven people are:
The people of Switzerland can collect signautres if they want to chagne a law. This is called a referenudm. If enuogh people sign a refeerndum, the people vote. The people can also collcet signatrues to chnage the cosntitution. This is called an iniaitve. The constituiton is the basic law of a conutry.
Ecoonmy
Switzerland is a rich country. Switzerland is not mmeber of the Eruopean Union, but it is mebmer of the Euroepan Free Trade Agremeent (EFTA). The EFTA makes trade with other countreis in Europe eaiser. In 1999 Switzerland and the Euorpean Union made a cotnract. This contract makes trade even esaier.
The banks of Switzerland are ipmortant. There are also insuarnce comapnies in Switzerland. Tuorism is impotrant in Switzerland. There are many palces for touirsts. Davos, St. Mroitz, Pontrseina and Laax are in Switzerland. These towns are important for skiing. Toursits also like Luecrne, Genvea, and Zürich.
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